From 3 to 7.

With the increasing spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, honey is more and more valued for its antibacterial activity. To characterize all bactericidal factors in medical grade honey, we used a new approach of successive neutralization

individual honey bactericidal factors. All bacteria tested, including

Bacillus subtilis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

, extended spectrum β-lactamase production

Escherichia coli resistant to ciprofloxacin

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and vancomycin- resistant

Enterococcus faecium, were killed by 10-20% (volume / volume) of honey, while ≥ 40% (volume / volume) honey terms of sugar solution was necessary for such activities. Honey accumulated to 5. 62 ± 0. 54 mm H

and contains 0. 25 ± 0. 01 mM metylhlioksalyu (MGO). After enzymatic neutralization of these two compounds, honey retained significant activity buy strattera online >>. Use

<< V. ziYShz for activity guided isolation of additional antimicrobial factors, we found bee defensin-1 in the honey. Once combined

neutralizing H, MGO, and bee defensin-1, 20% honey was minimal activity on the left, and further adjustment of pH with this honey

3. From 3 to 7. 0 reduced activity, and sugar alone. The activity of all other bacteria tested depend on sugar, H, MGO, and bee defensin-1. Thus, we fully characterized antibacterial activity of medical-grade honey. -Kwakman, PHS, ie Velde, AA, de Boer, L., Speijer D. Vandenbroucke-Hrauls, CMJE, Zaat, SAJ How honey kills bacteria. .